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怎样护理自发性气胸的病人?

发布时间:2009-10-23 来源:原创文章 作者:本站编辑 " ["prev"]=> object(app\common\model\Article)#4 (34) { ["autoWriteTimestamp":protected]=> bool(true) ["insert":protected]=> array(1) { [0]=> string(7) "site_id" } ["connection":protected]=> array(0) { } ["parent":protected]=> NULL ["query":protected]=> NULL ["name":protected]=> string(7) "Article" ["table":protected]=> NULL ["class":protected]=> string(24) "app\common\model\Article" ["error":protected]=> NULL ["validate":protected]=> NULL ["pk":protected]=> NULL ["field":protected]=> array(0) { } ["except":protected]=> array(0) { } ["disuse":protected]=> array(0) { } ["readonly":protected]=> array(0) { } ["visible":protected]=> array(0) { } ["hidden":protected]=> array(0) { } ["append":protected]=> array(0) { } ["data":protected]=> array(29) { ["id"]=> int(1076) ["site_id"]=> int(1) ["type_id"]=> int(42) ["title"]=> string(33) "如何护理腰椎结核的病人" ["subtitle"]=> string(0) "" ["shorttitle"]=> string(0) "" ["color"]=> string(0) "" ["img"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(39) "https://www.whsjytyy.com/view/1076.html" ["seo_title"]=> string(0) "" ["seo_keyword"]=> string(0) "" ["seo_description"]=> string(0) "" ["txt"]=> NULL ["summary"]=> string(0) "" ["tag"]=> string(0) "" ["user_id"]=> int(1) ["user_type"]=> int(0) ["author"]=> string(0) "" ["source"]=> string(0) "" ["flag"]=> string(0) "" ["views"]=> int(5125) ["status"]=> int(99) ["pubdate"]=> int(1256519768) ["create_time"]=> int(1507857412) ["update_time"]=> int(1507857412) ["delete_time"]=> NULL ["rank"]=> string(6) "982.00" ["slug"]=> NULL ["desc"]=> string(340) " 腰椎结核是指上段腰椎相邻椎体之间存在结核病变。这个部位的结核是脊椎结核中最常见的一种,占发病率50%以上,以青壮年多见,大多数来自贫困地区,病程长,确认较晚,病情反复,常表现为低热,腰背部疼痛,椎体破坏,畸形,活动受限,严重时" } ["origin":protected]=> array(28) { ["id"]=> int(1076) ["site_id"]=> int(1) ["type_id"]=> int(42) ["title"]=> string(33) "如何护理腰椎结核的病人" ["subtitle"]=> string(0) "" ["shorttitle"]=> string(0) "" ["color"]=> string(0) "" ["img"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(0) "" ["seo_title"]=> string(0) "" ["seo_keyword"]=> string(0) "" ["seo_description"]=> string(0) "" ["txt"]=> NULL ["summary"]=> string(0) "" ["tag"]=> string(0) "" ["user_id"]=> int(1) ["user_type"]=> int(0) ["author"]=> string(0) "" ["source"]=> string(0) "" ["flag"]=> string(0) "" ["views"]=> int(5125) ["status"]=> int(99) ["pubdate"]=> int(1256519768) ["create_time"]=> int(1507857412) ["update_time"]=> int(1507857412) ["delete_time"]=> NULL ["rank"]=> string(6) "982.00" ["slug"]=> NULL } ["relation":protected]=> array(0) { } ["auto":protected]=> array(0) { } ["update":protected]=> array(0) { } ["createTime":protected]=> string(11) "create_time" ["updateTime":protected]=> string(11) "update_time" ["dateFormat":protected]=> string(11) "Y-m-d H:i:s" ["type":protected]=> array(0) { } ["isUpdate":protected]=> bool(true) ["updateWhere":protected]=> array(6) { ["id"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(3) "neq" [1]=> int(1075) } ["url"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(2) "eq" [1]=> string(0) "" } ["status"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(2) "eq" [1]=> int(99) } ["type_id"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(2) "eq" [1]=> int(42) } ["pubdate"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(3) "elt" [1]=> int(1736966178) } ["rank"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(3) "egt" [1]=> string(6) "981.00" } } ["failException":protected]=> bool(false) ["useGlobalScope":protected]=> bool(true) ["batchValidate":protected]=> bool(false) ["resultSetType":protected]=> string(5) "array" ["relationWrite":protected]=> NULL } ["next"]=> object(app\common\model\Article)#55 (34) { ["autoWriteTimestamp":protected]=> bool(true) ["insert":protected]=> array(1) { [0]=> string(7) "site_id" } ["connection":protected]=> array(0) { } ["parent":protected]=> NULL ["query":protected]=> NULL ["name":protected]=> string(7) "Article" ["table":protected]=> NULL ["class":protected]=> string(24) "app\common\model\Article" ["error":protected]=> NULL ["validate":protected]=> NULL ["pk":protected]=> NULL ["field":protected]=> array(0) { } ["except":protected]=> array(0) { } ["disuse":protected]=> array(0) { } ["readonly":protected]=> array(0) { } ["visible":protected]=> array(0) { } ["hidden":protected]=> array(0) { } ["append":protected]=> array(0) { } ["data":protected]=> array(29) { ["id"]=> int(1074) ["site_id"]=> int(1) ["type_id"]=> int(42) ["title"]=> string(45) "怎样护理肺心病并肺结核的病人?" 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自发性气胸是结核病科常见急症之一,是由于肺组织表面及脏层胸膜自发破裂,空气进入胸膜腔所致。在用力提取重物、屏气、剧烈咳嗽、打喷嚏或大笑时可诱发气胸。
  典型症状为突然胸部刺痛,随深呼吸及咳嗽而加重;呼吸困难,口蜃、指甲紫绀;刺激性咳嗽,多为干咳;严重时出现大汗淋漓、皮肤湿冷、血压下降等休克症状。
  临床症状较轻的患者应卧床休息,避免用力及不必要的过多搬动,告诉病人气胸的一般常识,保持大便通畅,防止原发病及肺部感染,适当镇静,消除紧张心理,使胸腔内气体自行吸收。
  如经二周以上治疗,肺无明显膨胀时应考虑行胸腔插管水封瓶闭式引流。经引流排气后肺完全复张,夹管观察1~2天,如不再出现气胸症状便可拔除引流管。
  对慢性气胸(病程超过3个月者)、反复发作的顽固性气胸和肺大泡患者应采用手术治疗。
  气胸大部分可痊愈,但约有20%的气胸可复发。在日常生活中应注意诱发气胸的因素,积极防治原发病,一旦出现胸痛、呼吸困难、气难喘等症状时应及时到医院就诊。