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怎样护理急性血行播散型肺结核病人？
发布时间：2009-11-06
来源：原创文章
作者：本站编辑 "
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急性血行播散型肺结核又称急性粟粒性肺结核。多见于儿童和青少年，由于原发型肺结核病灶破溃，结核菌侵入血液，播散到肺或全身各器官、组织。成人多见于继发性肺结核或肺外结核病灶破溃到血管引起。
当患糖尿病、重感冒等疾病或分娩时，机体免疫力低下，均可诱发本病。表现为：高热、寒战、盗汗、气急、消瘦、呼吸困难、咳粘液痰、食欲不振、腹胀等。此病通过体征、胸片等辅助检查确诊后，应耐心向患者说明早期治疗、坚持治疗、饮食以及精神因素对身体康复的重要性，讲述病程规律，消除焦虑、恐惧的心理，使患者安心治疗。
患者应卧床休息，据具体症状给予相应的处理。如高热时按高热护理，盗汗时做好皮肤护理。呼吸困难、紫绀，应及时给予氧气吸入。做好病情观察。合并结核性脑膜炎时按结核性脑膜炎护理。嘱患者勿剧烈咳嗽，以免并发自发性气胸。进食高热量、高维生素易消化的半流质饮食，必要时通过静脉补充营养。