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细菌性痢疾患者如何指导其留取大便标本?

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留取大便标本不正确,可贻误细菌性痢疾患者的诊断和治疗。留取大便标本的正确方法有:

(1)使用清洁的大便盒。各医院都有专用的大便盒,如果在家里,应选择干净带盖的小玻璃瓶、小塑料瓶等。

(2)尽可能在使用抗痢疾药物之前留取大便中不正常部分。用小木棍或其他用具,挑取大便中脓血、黏液或血水部分。因为黏液脓血中常含有较多的红细胞、白细胞和致病菌,可为诊断和治疗提供有力的依据。

(3)留取大便标本时,应避免大便与尿液相混。因为痢疾杆菌在酸性尿液中容易死亡。

(4)及时送检大便标本。留取大便标本至大便培养的接种时间越短,其大便培养阳性率越高,对诊断和治疗就越有帮助。